Ventilator



May 22, 1962 H. SCHRUVER VENTILATOR 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Aug. 5, 1959 FIG. 3

FIG-2 INVENTOR.

HENRI SCHRIJVER ATTORNEY May 22, 1962 H. SCHRIJVER VENTILATOR 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Aug. 3, 1959 FIGS FIGS

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HENRI SCHRIJVER ATTORNEY Patented May 22, 1952 3,035,506 VENTILATOR Henri Schrijver, 812 E. Gate Ave., St. Louis, Mo. Filed Aug. 3, 1959, Ser. No. 831,105 1 Claim. (Cl. 98-70) This invention relates in general to ventilation, and, more particularly, to a ventilator adapted for operation in response to air currents.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a ventilator adapted for the withdrawal of air or other gaseous matter from enclosed spaces, which is highly eflicient in operation; which is of simple and low-cost construction; and which does not require electric power, being operated by air currents, and is, hence, most economical in use.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a ventilator which is uniquely constructed so as to be productive of a markedly greater suction than has been heretofore attained by prior art structures so as to render same widely usable with present day construction.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a ventilator which may be readily and cheaply adapted for efiicient cooling of, and air withdrawal from, all types of enclosed spaces, whether in buildings, vehicles, or industrial equipment.

It is an additional object of the present invention to provide a ventilator which is reliable and durable in usage, not requiring maintenance or servicing, nor being disposed toward breakdown; and which may be easily and economically installed on existing structures.

Other objects and details of the invention will be apparent from the following description, when read in connection with the accompanying drawings (two sheets) wherein FIGURE 1 is a side view of a ventilator constructed in accordance with and embodying the present invention, illustrating the same in installed position upon the roof of an enclosed structure.

FIGURE 2 is a vertical cross-sectional View of the ventilator illustrated in FIGURE 1.

FIGURE 3 is a horizontal transverse section taken on the line 33 of FIGURE 2.

FIGURE 4 is a vertical transverse section taken on the line 4-4 of FIGURE 2.

FIGURE 5 is a horizontal transverse section taken on the line 5-5 of FIGURE 2.

FIGURE 6 is a top plan view of another form of ventilator constructed in accordance with and embodying the present invention, illustrating same as installed upon a cooling tower.

FIGURE 7 is a side view of the ventilator illustrated in FIGURE 6.

FIGURE 8 is an end view of the ventilator illustrated in FIGURE 7.

FIGURE 9 is a top plan view of a further form of ventilator constructed in accordance with and embodying the present invention, illustrating the same as installed upon the roof of an enclosed vehicle.

FIGURE 10 is a side view of the ventilator illustrated inFIGURE 9.

FIGURE 11 is an end view of the ventilator illustrated in FIGURE 9.

Referring to the drawings which illustrate practical embodiments of the present invention and, more particularly, referring to FIGURES l to 5 thereof, A generally designate a ventilator adapted for disposition upon the roof or overhead wall of an enclosed space designated B, such as a building, comprising a vertically presented draft tube 1 which communicates with the interior of enclosed space B, either directly by a port provided in the overhead wall or through a chimney, stack or flue,

as at 2; there being in such latter case a flared portion or skirt 3 at the lower end of draft tube 1 for extending outwardly of chimney 2 and being engaged to a tubular support member 4 havin an out-turned base flange 4' for securement upon enclosure B. In its upper portion draft tube 1 is surrounded by a concentric sleeve 5 which mounts at its upper end a horizontally presented wind tube 6, whereby the same combine to form a T-construction, with said wind tube 6 extending laterally across said sleeve 5 and being in communication with draft tube 1 through an opening 7 provided in the lower wall of said wind tube 6.

Internally of draft tube 1, near its lower end, is disposed a support bracket 8 centrally of which is engaged the lower end of a vertically extending pivot rod 9; the upper extremity of said rod 9 carries a rounded finial or nut 10 supportingly abutting the inner top wall of wind tube 6 and forming a pivot point for the same. Wind tube 6, together with sleeve 5, is thus adapted to swing about support point 10 within a horizontal plane; there being a plurality of bearing members 11 mounted on the exterior face of draft tube 1 for engaging the confronting portions of the inner Wall of sleeve 5 in a substantially frictionless manner to conduce to the rotative movement of the latter about said tube 1.

Wind tube 6 at its normally windward end incorporates a diverging mouth-forming portion 12 for inducing wind current reception. Mounted on the upper, outer wall of said wind tube 6 is a vane or rudder 13 for impingement thereon of wind currents, whereby said wind tube 6 will be continuously aligned with such currents, so that mouth 12 will be directed up-wind.

Disposed within wind tube 6, in concentricity therewith, is a converging nozzle 14, the intake or larger end of which is presented at the windward end of tube 6, being of substantially like cross-section to till the same, with its discharge or narrower end being of relatively smaller cross-section than said wind tube 6 and said nozzle 14 being of such length as to position said discharge end spacedly beyond, or leeward of, the interse tion of wind tube 6 and draft tube 1. With reference to FIGURE 2, it will be noted that rod 9 passes through a bushing 15 extending vertically across nozzle 14 and being secured thereto, as by welding.

Provided within draft tube 1, upwardly of bracket 8, is a vertically disposed converging nozzle 16, the upper or discharge end of which is aligned with the upper end of draft tube 1 so that fluid moving therethrough will discharge directly into wind tube 6; it being particularly noted that the discharge end of nozzle 16 is located windward of the discharge end of nozzle 14. The lower or intake end of vertical nozzle 16 is of substantially the same cross-section as draft tube 1 and being of a length approximating, but not necessarily coinciding with, that of horizontal nozzle 14.

By the free rotatability of sleeve 5, wind tube 6 through operation of vane 13 will, at all times, be brought into alignment with the prevailing moving air current, which will thus enter said tube 6, through mouth 12, and pass into nozzle 14, whereby due to the constricting nature of the walls thereof, the pressure of such current will be converted into increased velocity of the air, the specific volume of which also increases. Upon discharge of the compressed air from nozzle 14 an area of relatively reduced pressure, lower than the pressure of the air within enclosure B, will be created adjacent, slightly leeward of, the discharge end of said nozzle 14 so that a suction is thus developed which serves to draw fluid upwardly through draft tube 1. Enclosed space B will be ventilated by such action, with warm air being withdrawn for cooling of the space, as Well as any foul air or gas being efliciently ejected from the enclosure. However, such upwardly drawn air or gas will pass through vertical nozzle 16 which latter will cause the velocity of such upwardly moving fluid to be increased so that upon discharge of the same, into wind tube 6, a zone of relatively lowered pressure will there be created in proximity to the area of reduced pressure developed adjacent the discharge end of nozzle 14, for reinforcing the latter and consequently serving to provide an enhanced suction upon the fluid in draft tube i, and thus causing a greater updraft for efiecting emission of air or gas from enclosed space E.

In view of the foregoing, it will be seen that the present invention contemplates the coaction of a horizontal nozzle and a vertically presented nozzle, with the former in overlying relationship to the latter, and with its discharge end located beyond, and leeward of, the discharge end of the latter, so that mutually reinforcing areas of relatively decreased pressure will be brought about to cause a markedly strong suction for withdrawal of air or gas from an enclosed space communicating with the vertical nozzle.

It is to be especially noted that ventilator A may be economically produced, as from suitable sheet metal which has been preferably pre-treated for moisture-resistance. The operation of the elements of said ventilator produce but minimal wear so that the same is highly durable and reliable in usage. The present invention is most simple in construction, yet highly eflficient in operation and may be readily utilized for enclosed spaces at little cost either in installation or in operation.

Ventilators of the present invention are adapted for use with any suitable enclosed space and, as a further exemplification of such, the same may be easily modified for industrial purposes, as for a cooling tower ventilator, indicated generally at C in FIGURES 6, 7 and 8 to which attention is now directed. In this construction there is provided a horizontally disposed duct 24 which may be of rectangular cross-section, being fixedly supported upon a plurality of short-spaced-apart vertical ducts 21, desirably of circular cross-section, which communicate at their upper ends with the interior of said duct 29; each of said vertical ducts 21 is disposed upon the upper end of a section 22 of cooling tower C. At one of its ends, duct 20 mounts a centrifugal, suction fan, as schematically indicated at 23, for drawing air from the surrounding atmosphere into said duct, interiorally of which there is provided an elongated, converging nozzle 24, the intake or larger end of which is disposed immediately adjacent fan 23, with its smaller or discharge end located inwardly of, and adjacent the opposite end of, duct 2%, outwardly of the immediately adjacent vertical duct 21. Nozzle 24 is of rectangular crosssection with its intake end substantially of the same dimensions as duct 20 for filling same in the area of engagement.

By operation of fan 23, a forced air current will be created in duct 2t being driven through nozzle 24 wherein, due to the converging character of its walls, the pressure of the air current is converted into a relatively high, increased velocity so that an area of reduced pressure is developed adjacent the nozzle discharge end.

Within each duct 21 there is fixed a vertically arranged nozzle 25, the upper, narrow, discharge end of which projects into duct 26 spacedly below the confronting wall portion of nozzle 24. Cooling tower C is provided at its upper end, beneath ducts 21, with a hot water inlet, as at 26, for entry of water within each section 22, and at its lower end with a cool water outlet 27; the normal water level being indicated at 28, beneath the partitions or dividers 29 between sections 22. As indicated by the arrows, warm, moist air in sections 22 will be drawn upwardly through nozzles 25 as a result of the suction created by the forced draft through nozzle 24 and the movement of air through nozzles 25, which nozzles thus act to cause a mutual reinforcement of the respective zones of lowered pressure developed by each, whereby a strong updraft is effected Within each of the ducts 21. The air being withdrawn from tower C will flow counter 4 to the incoming hot water so as to bring about a highly eificient heat exchan e, resulting in cooling of the incoming water.

The air forced through nozzle 24 will mix with that discharged from nozzle 25, and such mixture is directed against a bafiie or condensing plate 29, located outwardly of the discharge end of duct 20, and being at ambient temperature for causing condensation of a large percentage of the water vapor in the air mixture striking same, and with the condensate being guided downwardly along a downwardly extending channelized portion of said plate 29 for return to the base portion of tower C, as at 31' and with the air or gas phase of said mixture being upwardly directed for return to the atmosphere,

Referring to FIGURES 9, l0 and 11, a further form of the present invention is disclosed wherein D indicates a ventilator adapted for cooling of the interior of an enclosed vehicle designated E. The said vent D incorporates a duct-like housing 3% mounted upon the roof of the vehicle E and presented with its axis longitudinally thereof. Provided in said housing 30 is a converging nozzle 31, the forward, enlarged intake end of which is of substantially the same cross section as the forward end of duct 3%) and completely fills the forward end thereof with the reduced, dicharge end thereof being spaced from the rearward end of said duct 34 Suitably secured within an opening in the top wall of vehicle E for extension into the said duct 30 beneath nozzle 31 is a converging nozzle 32 having its axis substantially perpendicular to the axis of nozzle 31 and with its upper, reduced discharge end being located spacedly beneath said nozzle 31 and forwardly of the discharge end of the latter. The lower, intake end of nozzle 32 communicates directly with the vehicle interior as indicated at 33 in FIGURE 10.

Thus, it will be seen that in travel of vehicle E air will be caused to move relatively through nozzle 31 to create a suction at the discharge end thereof which will create an updraft for withdrawal of air from the vehicle interior 33, and with the nozzle 32 being productive of an area of reduced pressure adjacent its upper end enhancing the force of the updraft so as to promote eificient and reliable cooling of the vehicle interior.

Thus, the foregoing illustrates the extreme versatility of the present invention wherein wind currents, forced air currents, or relative wind movements may provide the motive force for efiicient operation and with the novel arrangement of converging nozzles being productive of strong updrafts for assuring cooling of the Ventilated space as well as the ejection therefrom of foul air or gases. It is apparent that any form of the present invention may be most economically manufactured and cheaply installed for use with the particular enclosure; and in that, further, the operation of the same is reliable and substantially cost-free.

It should be understood that changes and modifications in the formation, construction, arrangement, and combination of the parts of the ventilator may be made and substituted for those herein shown and disclosed without departing from the nature and principle of my invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

A ventilator comprising a horizontally disposed wind duct having a windward end and a discharge end, a first nozzle being tapered throughout its entire extent for convergence toward a reduced discharge end disposed coaxially in said wind duct with its larger or intake end adjacent the windward end of said wind duct, said reduced discharge end of said first nozzle being located spacedly from the discharge end of said wind duct, a vertically disposed draft tube communicating with said wind duct beneath said first nozzle and being disposed slightly windwardly of the discharge end of said first nozzle, a second nozzle being tapered throughout its entire extent for convergence toward its upper end, said second nozzle being located coaxially within said draft tube with its upper end being its discharge and narrower end, the upper end of said second nozzle extending into the wind duct and being disposed immediately adjacent and beneath the first nozzle windwardly of the discharge end of the latter, and means for permitting swinging of said wind duct together with the said first nozzle responsive to Wind action 260,012 Fennerty June 27, 1882 6 Ruble Sept. 19, 1893 McDevitt Aug. 6, 1918 Mottershall Nov. 17, 1925 Masson July 26, 1927 FOREIGN PATENTS Great Britain Jan. 2. 1940 

